wealthschema/archetypes/p-05-pre-retirement-catch-up
P-05Accumulation PeakAccumulationmoderate tax complexity

Pre-Retirement Catch-Up

Late starter for retirement savings, maxing catch-up contributions, downsizing home, children leaving, focused on retirement.

P-05 is the late-starter household compressing 30 years of retirement saving into a 10-year window — empty-nest cash flow newly available, catch-up contributions maxed, Roth conversions in the planning window. It's the canonical fixture for any product that models the closing decade before retirement under explicit shortfall.

Age Range
48–58
Net Worth
$100k–$1M
Cohort
Accumulation Peak

About this archetype

P-05 exists because the household between 48 and 58 with mass-affluent net worth and an explicit retirement shortfall has a planning surface that doesn't show up in either earlier-career accumulation or HNW pre-retirement archetypes. §414(v) catch-up contributions ($7,500 over the elective deferral for those 50+, and the SECURE 2.0 enhanced catch-up of $11,250 at ages 60–63 starting in 2025) are at maximum; IRA catch-up of $1,000 applies; HSA catch-up of $1,000 applies; the household has a 5–10 year window to execute Roth conversions before required-minimum-distribution thresholds and Medicare IRMAA brackets compress the planning space. Social Security claiming optimization is live — the difference between claiming at 62 vs 67 vs 70, and the spousal-benefit interaction, drives a material portion of retirement income. Empty-nest transition is happening (median dependent count is materially lower than P-01/P-03, and 14 of 25 households still carry dependents — the others have aged through), which frees cash flow that newly redirects into retirement and home-equity acceleration.

Cash-flow shape is high-savings-rate compression. Median combined income is $173,213 — much lower than P-01/P-03 because P-05 is explicitly the mass-affluent late-starter, not the peak-earner — but the savings rate is structurally high because mortgage is well into amortization and dependents are aging out. Median net worth is $1.01M with $426k liquid; 72% of the corpus owns a primary residence and home equity is meaningful enough that downsizing is a credible retirement lever. Concentration in CA, NY, and MA reflects where the income-to-cost-of-living squeeze produces the late-starter pattern.

What makes P-05 distinct from neighbors is the *explicit shortfall* and the *constrained planning window*. P-01/P-02/P-03 have the same age range but at higher wealth tiers where catch-up contributions are routine rather than diagnostic. R-01 is one stage later — the corporate pre-retiree five years out — where the surface is healthcare-bridge and Social Security claiming rather than catch-up acceleration. R-02 is the self-employed version of pre-retirement with business sale as the retirement event. P-05 is specifically the *playing catch-up* household — saving rate matters more than asset selection, and time arbitrage matters more than tax arbitrage.

Defining characteristics

  • Catch-up contributions
    §414(v) $7,500 catch-up on 401(k)/403(b) elective deferral for ages 50+, plus $1,000 IRA catch-up and $1,000 HSA catch-up at 55+. SECURE 2.0 enhanced $11,250 catch-up at ages 60–63 (effective 2025) adds another lever.
  • Empty-nester transition
    Median age 51 with dependents aging out — 14 of 25 households still carry dependents, but the corpus pattern is dependents exiting and cash flow re-routing. Education funding is largely behind, not ahead.
  • Home-equity lever
    72% homeowner rate with meaningful equity after 15+ years of amortization. Downsizing or HELOC-to-bridge strategies are credible levers and appear in the corpus as active home-purchase goals (likely smaller next-home target).
  • Social Security optimization
    Claiming-age decision (62 vs FRA vs 70) and spousal/restricted-application interactions become quantifiable inside the 10-year planning window. Earnings-test interaction matters for households planning partial retirement.
  • Roth conversion window
    The 5–10 year gap between retirement and RMD age (73, rising to 75 under SECURE 2.0) is when low-income years allow Roth conversions at marginal rates below the household's pre-retirement rate. This is the canonical P-05 tax-planning lever.
  • Compressed savings rate
    Savings rates 25–35% of gross are typical for P-05 households making the catch-up bet — the math requires it. Behavioral tolerance for high-savings-rate years is a real adoption gating factor.

Corpus signature

n = 25 households

Aggregated across the 25 P-05 households in the shipped v3 corpus corpus. Numbers describe the corpus, not population claims.

Median income
$173k
p25–p75 $156k–$185k
Median net worth
$1.0M
mean $1.1M
Liquid net worth
$426k
median
Investable assets
$713k
median
Income distribution
$125k–150k
4
$150k–175k
10
$175k–200k
10
$200k–225k
1
Net-worth distribution
$700k–1m
11
$1m–1.3m
8
$1.3m–1.6m
4
$1.6m–1.9m
2
Goals across the corpus
Retirement25 / 25
Education funding14 / 25
Debt payoff11 / 25
Home purchase7 / 25
Emergency fund7 / 25
Liability composition
Credit cards25 / 25
Mortgages18 / 25
Student loans11 / 25
Auto loans10 / 25
  • 18 of 25 (72%) are homeowners; the remainder rent.
  • CA, NY, MA account for 9 of 25 households — 36% of the corpus.
  • Median adult-member age is 51 (range 42–59 across primaries and spouses).
  • 14 of 25 (56%) carry one or more dependents.

Representative household

P-05-seed-9
Rebecca R.Single·Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, MD

Rebecca is a single late-fifties professional with $173k income and $1.33M net worth — past peak-saving age and inside the narrow window where catch-up contributions and Roth conversions still matter. The diagnostic shape is high liquid ratio ($738k of $1.33M is liquid) and minimal debt ($4,695) but a retirement target of $2.84M that she's behind on. This is the household where the 'is downsizing on the table' decision actually moves the projection, not just trims rounding. Test your retirement-readiness logic against this profile to confirm it surfaces the Roth-conversion window rather than just rendering a generic shortfall.

Gross income
$173,213
Net worth
$1,334,305
Liquid NW
$738,425
Age
58
Top goals on this household
Retirement
$2,844,000
Home purchase
$138,570

Schema fields covered

Every P-05 household ships with — at minimum — these JSON fields populated. The full schema is documented in the data set you purchase.

members[].age
income.combined_gross
net_worth.total
filing_status
accounts.taxable.lots[].acquisition_date
accounts.taxable.lots[].cost_basis
accounts.taxable.lots[].unrealized_pnl
taxes.wash_sale_flags

Who builds against this archetype

P-05 is most heavily used by three buyer profiles. Retirement-planning platforms validate Roth-conversion-laddering tools, Social Security claiming-age optimizers, and Monte Carlo projections against households with explicit shortfall — exactly the place over-optimistic planning tools break. Recordkeepers and 401(k) plan-administration vendors use P-05 to exercise catch-up-contribution UI flows, enhanced catch-up eligibility (SECURE 2.0 ages 60–63), and the in-plan Roth conversion mechanics that become relevant in this window. Robo-advisors with target-date glide-path logic use P-05 to test glide-path overrides for late-starter clients where the default age-based equity allocation is inappropriate for the explicit catch-up profile.

Testing scenarios this corpus is calibrated for

  • 01Catch-up contribution rendering — §414(v) $7,500 plus SECURE 2.0 enhanced $11,250 at ages 60–63
  • 02Roth-conversion-ladder modeling across the 5–10 year window between retirement and RMD age
  • 03Social Security claiming-age optimizer with spousal, divorced-spouse, and restricted-application interactions
  • 04Downsize-the-house projection — primary-residence equity converted to retirement-portfolio funding
  • 05Sequence-of-returns risk modeling on the immediate pre-retirement decade where bad outcomes are unrecoverable
  • 06Empty-nest cash-flow re-routing — childcare and education spend dropping out, redirected to qualified plans

Edge cases and what's not in this corpus

P-05 is calibrated to mass-affluent households with an explicit retirement shortfall in the 48–58 age band. Pre-retirees with adequate assets and a smooth glide path are R-01 (corporate) or R-02 (self-employed). High-net-worth households in the same age band where catch-up is a rounding line item rather than a strategic lever belong in H-01 or H-02 — the planning surface there is estate and tax optimization, not shortfall closure. Public-sector pre-retirees with defined-benefit pensions are R-03, where WEP/GPO and pension-COLA mechanics dominate. Households with an inherited windfall arriving inside this age window are P-06 or E-01. Divorce-in-progress pre-retirees who are rebuilding from a split balance sheet are S-01 — the planning surface overlaps but QDRO mechanics and alimony dominate.

Calibration notes

P-05 income and net-worth bands during v3 synthesis were anchored to EBRI Retirement Confidence Survey and Vanguard 'How America Saves' late-career-cohort data, cross-referenced to upper-middle-income SCF bands. The explicit retirement-shortfall framing — every P-05 household carries retirement as the top goal, and the corpus is intentionally weighted toward off-track outcomes — reflects the archetype's diagnostic purpose. Catch-up contribution and Roth-conversion eligibility are modeled at the household level (qualified-plan balances, IRA presence) rather than tracked as per-year contribution decisions. Per CLAUDE.md §9 the v3 corpus is frozen and per-domain priors aren't independently auditable; treat calibration claims as descriptive of synthesis intent rather than reproducible.

How this differs from related archetypes

Frequently asked questions

What does the P-05 archetype represent?+

P-05 — Pre-Retirement Catch-Up is the mass-affluent household ages 48–58 with an explicit retirement-savings shortfall, compressing 30 years of saving into a 10-year window using §414(v) catch-up contributions, Roth conversions, empty-nest cash-flow redirection, and home-equity levers like downsizing.

How is P-05 different from R-01 (corporate pre-retiree)?+

R-01 households are 5 years from retirement with adequate assets and a smooth glide path — the surface is healthcare-bridge, pension, and Social Security claiming optimization. P-05 households are the same age but with an explicit shortfall, where catch-up contributions and aggressive saving (rather than withdrawal planning) are the active lever.

What income and net-worth range does P-05 cover?+

Combined gross income median is $173,213 with a 25–75 range of roughly $156k to $185k — much lower than peak-earner archetypes because P-05 is explicitly mass-affluent late-starters. Median net worth is $1.01M with $426k median liquid.

Why is the P-05 corpus weighted toward off-track retirement outcomes?+

Because the diagnostic value of the archetype is precisely that — testing how a product handles an explicit shortfall in the closing decade before retirement. A late-starter corpus that mostly hits retirement targets wouldn't surface the recovery and acceleration logic that buyers need to validate.

Which data sets include P-05 households?+

P-05 is tagged for six bundles — B02, B03, B06, B14, B16, and B19 — covering tax planning, social security planning, retirement contribution strategies, employee benefits, equity compensation, and education planning. See the right-hand sidebar for the data sets that ship P-05 households.

Is the P-05 corpus regenerable?+

No. The shipped v3 corpus is frozen and not regenerable from current code (drift was confirmed on 2026-05-09 per CLAUDE.md §9). Sampler improvements land in a future v4 release with per-archetype golden fixtures in CI.

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